Frantoio

Denomination and synonyms

Origin and diffusion

The genetic origin of this cultivar is unknown, even if the presence of cultivars in the Eastern Mediterranean with the same profile could suggest its origin from that area and subsequent introduction in the countries of Central Mediterranean, such as Italy and France. It is considered an ancient variety that has spread over time in many Italian regions, where it has acquired different denominations. It is extensively cultivated in Tuscany, Umbria, Liguria and Puglia with various denominations (Correggiolo, Frantoio, Taggiasca, Ogliarola Barese, respectively) and, to a lower extent, in various other Italian regions (Casaliva, Raggiola, Corsicana da Olio, Raja Sabina, etc.). Recently, it has been introduced in many other worldwide olive-growing areas.

Purpose

Morphological characterisation

Molecular characterisation (SSRs)

Agronomic characterisation and commercial considerations

Variety of easy vegetative propagation by cutting (70%). The entry into production is medium and its productivity is high and constant. It has a medium flowering period and the rate of self-fertility is high (~28%), with very low ovary abortion (~3%). Fruit veraison is medium-late and scalable. This cultivar shows a medium-low fruit detachment force which facilitates its mechanical harvesting.The oil yield is medium (~18%) and its chemical composition shows a high content of oleic acid (~75%) and total phenols. Overall, the oil has very valuable sensorial and compositional characteristics.It is considered highly susceptible to olive leaf spot, olive knot and olive fruit fly, medium susceptible to cold and partially resistant to Verticillium dahliae. References Bracci T., Sebastiani L., Busconi M., Fogher C., Belaj A., Trujillo I. (2009). SSR markers reveal the uniqueness of olive cultivars from the Italian region of Liguria. Scientia Horticulturae, 122(2), 209-215. El Bakkali A., Essalouh L., Tollon C., Rivallan R., Mournet P., Moukhli A., et al. (2019). Characterization of Worldwide Olive Germplasm Banks of Marrakech (Morocco) and Córdoba (Spain): Towards management and use of olive germplasm in breeding programs. PLoS One, 14(10), e0223716. D’Agostino N., Taranto F., Camposeo S., Mangini G., Fanelli V., Gadaleta S., et al. (2018). GBS-derived SNP catalogue unveiled wide genetic variability and geographical relationships of Italian olive cultivars. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 15877 Moreno-Sanz P., Lombardo L., Lorenzi S., Michelotti F., Grando M.S. (2020). Genetic resources of Olea europaea L. in the Garda Trentino olive groves revealed by ancient trees genotyping and parentage analysis of drupe embryos. Genes, 11(10), 1171. Rotondi A., Cultrera N.G., Mariotti R., Baldoni L. (2011). Genotyping and evaluation of local olive varieties of a climatically disfavoured region through molecular, morphological and oil quality parameters. Scientia Horticulturae, 130(3), 562-569. Vizzarri V., Belfiore T., Noce M.E., Scalercio S., Iannotta N. 2011.Test di resistenza genetica alla verticilliosi (Verticillium dahliae Kleb.) su alcune importanti e diffuse cultivar di olivo Acta Italus Hortus1:1 ISBN 978-88-905628-0-8.