Carolea Download sheet Fruit Denomination and synonyms I. Trujillo, D. Barranco, P. Morello Becco di corvo Becco di corvo Borgese Borgese Calabrese Calabrese Camignana Camignana Camignaria Camignaria Caroleo Caroleo Catanzarese Catanzarese Colarè Colarè Convitè Convitè Corbarica Coriolese Corbarica Coriolese Cortalese Cortalese Cumignana Cumignana Marinotto Marinotto Muso di corvo' Muso di corvo' Nicastrese Nicastrese Oliva dolce Oliva dolce Olivo di Calabria Olivo di Calabria Olivo di Sorta Olivo di Sorta Olivona Olivona Pizzu i corvu Pizzu i corvu Policastrese Policastrese Squillaciota Squillaciota Verdella Verdella Origin and diffusion The genetic origin of this cultivar is unknown. It is the most important variety of Calabria Italian region, mainly diffused in the province of Catanzaro, but also widespread in the provinces of Cosenza and Crotone, and, in small percentages, also in the provinces of Vibo Valentia and Reggio Calabria. It currently occupies more than 50,000 ha. Luciana Baldoni, Enzo Perri, Samanta Zelasco Purpose Oil Table olives Morphological characterisation Tree Vigour Strong Growth habit Upright Canopy density Medium Fruit Weight High Radio length/width in position A Moderately elongated Over colour at full maturity Black Symmetry in position A Strongly asymmetric Shape of apex in position A Rounded Nipple Strong Shape of base in position A Rounded Leaf Length Long Width Medium Radio length/width Moderately elongated Curvature of longitudinal axis Straight Stone Radio length/width Moderately elongated Weight High Shape of apex in position A Rounded Symmetry in position A Weakly asymmetric Symmetry in position B Symmetric Shape of base in position A Acute Number of grooves on basal end Between 7 and 10 Distribution of grooves on basal end Strongly grouped around suture Mucron Present Rugosity of surface Medium Molecular characterisation (SSRs) UDO-43 DCA3 DCA9 DCA16 GAPU-101 172/177 229/251 160/196 124/152 191/217 Agronomic characterisation and commercial considerations Variety with medium rooting ability by cutting (40%). High sprouting capacity after severe pruning. The entry into production is late and its productivity is medium (cumulative production at the fifth year: 20 Kg) and alternate. It has a medium flowering period and the rate of self-fertility is low (around ~3%) with high ovary abortion (~40%). The fruit veraison is late and scalable with early and concentrated olive oil accumulation. This cultivar shows a medium-low fruit detachment force which facilitates its mechanical harvesting.It is highly appreciated for its high oil yield, variable from 18% to 22% of fresh fruit weight, related to the harvesting period.The chemical composition of the oil shows a medium content of oleic acid (73%) and total phenols. The rancidity induction time is on average (12,8 hours). Overall, the Carolea oil is of good quality for its sensorial and compositional characteristics.It is considered tolerant to cold but highly susceptible to olive fruit fly and olive leaf spot. It shows a low susceptibility to olive knot. ReferencesRizzo S., Ripoli A.G., Lombardo L., Pellegrino M., Zaffina F., Godino G., Cruceli G., Perri E., Zelasco S. 2022 Valutazione dell’attitudine alla radicazione di 40 varietà di olivo italiane. V Convegno Nazionale dell’Olivo e dell’Olio, 26-28 ottobre, Alghero. Mousavi S., Stanzione V., Mariotti R., Mastio V., Azariadis A., Passeri V., et al. (2022). Bioactive compound profiling of olive fruit: the contribution of genotype. Antioxidants, 11(4), 672.Lombardo N., Perri E., Muzzalupo A., Madeo A., Godino G., Pellegrino M., 2003. Il germoplasma olivicolo calabrese. Regione Calabria, Assessorato Agricoltura, Caccia e Pesca, Istituto Sperimentale per l’Olivicoltura, Rende (CS), Comunità Europea, Mi.P.A.F.: pp. 25. Perri E., Zelasco S., Benincasa C., Vizzarri V., Carbone F., Lo Feudo G., Salimonti A., Romano E., Pellegrino M., Godino G., Zaffina F., Rizzo M., Santilli E. 2022. Il germoplasma olivicolo del campo collezione del CREA Centro di Ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, sede di Rende. ISBN 9788833852027 Luciana Baldoni, Enzo Perri, Samanta Zelasco